{"id":76,"date":"2026-09-06T16:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.matai.cz\/blog\/?p=76"},"modified":"2026-08-31T17:20:02","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T15:20:02","slug":"din-94-zavlacky-norma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.matai.cz\/blog\/din-94-zavlacky-norma\/","title":{"rendered":"DIN 94 z\u00e1vla\u010dky: rozm\u011brov\u00e1 \u0159ada, materi\u00e1ly a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u010dep\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1vla\u010dka podle DIN 94<\/strong> je jeden z nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak zajistit \u010dep, korunovou matici nebo osu proti vypadnut\u00ed. P\u0159esto se kolem n\u00ed v praxi opakovan\u011b chybuje – nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159i volb\u011b velikosti, proto\u017ee jmenovit\u00fd rozm\u011br z\u00e1vla\u010dky neozna\u010duje jej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br, ale pr\u016fm\u011br otvoru, do kter\u00e9ho pat\u0159\u00ed. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si projdeme normu, kompletn\u00ed rozm\u011brovou \u0159adu, dostupn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly a z\u00e1sady spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee tak, aby spoj dr\u017eel a dal se v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby rozebrat.<\/p>\n

Co je DIN 94 a jak souvis\u00ed s ISO 1234<\/h2>\n

DIN 94 popisuje klasickou roz\u0159\u00edznutou z\u00e1vla\u010dku (anglicky split pin<\/em> nebo cotter pin<\/em>) – dr\u00e1t ohnut\u00fd do tvaru U s o\u010dkem (okem) na jednom konci a dv\u011bma rameny, kter\u00e1 se po zasunut\u00ed do otvoru rozt\u00e1hnou. Norma DIN 94 je harmonizovan\u00e1 s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed normou ISO 1234<\/strong>, tak\u017ee se v kataloz\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u011b setk\u00e1te s dvoj\u00edm ozna\u010den\u00edm „DIN 94 \/ ISO 1234“. Rozm\u011bry i tolerance obou norem se shoduj\u00ed, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje zam\u011bnitelnost nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d dodavateli.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1vla\u010dka neslou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159enosu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Jej\u00ed \u00fakol je \u010dist\u011b pojistn\u00fd – br\u00e1n\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00edmu posunu \u010depu nebo povolen\u00ed korunov\u00e9 matice. Smykov\u00e9 s\u00edly m\u00e1 n\u00e9st samotn\u00fd \u010dep nebo svorn\u00edk, nikoli ramena z\u00e1vla\u010dky.<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pravidlo: jmenovit\u00e1 velikost = pr\u016fm\u011br otvoru<\/h2>\n

Toto je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc, kterou si z \u010dl\u00e1nku odn\u00e9st. Jmenovit\u00fd rozm\u011br z\u00e1vla\u010dky DIN 94 (rozm\u011br d) odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011bru otvoru<\/strong>, do kter\u00e9ho se m\u00e1 z\u00e1vla\u010dka osadit – nikoli skute\u010dn\u00e9mu pr\u016fm\u011bru dr\u00e1tu. Skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br z\u00e1vla\u010dky (v norm\u011b zna\u010den\u00fd d1) je v\u017edy men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jmenovit\u00e1 hodnota, aby z\u00e1vla\u010dka \u0161la otvorem prostr\u010dit a z\u016fstala v n\u011bm v\u016fle pro rozta\u017een\u00ed ramen.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad: z\u00e1vla\u010dka DIN 94 4×40<\/em> m\u00e1 jmenovitou velikost 4 mm (= pat\u0159\u00ed do otvoru o pr\u016fm\u011bru 4 mm), ale skute\u010dn\u00fd maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br dr\u00e1tu je jen cca 3,7 mm. Kdo by si objednal „\u010dty\u0159ku“ v domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 dr\u00e1t o pr\u016fm\u011bru 4 mm, dostane men\u0161\u00ed kus, ne\u017e \u010dekal – a naopak, do otvoru 4 mm pat\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b tato z\u00e1vla\u010dka, ne ten\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rozm\u011brov\u00e1 \u0159ada DIN 94 (ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty)<\/h2>\n

N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulka shrnuje ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 rozm\u011bry pro nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jmenovit\u00e9 velikosti. Hodnoty jsou v milimetrech: d<\/strong> = jmenovit\u00fd rozm\u011br (pr\u016fm\u011br otvoru), d1<\/strong> = skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br dr\u00e1tu (max\/min), a<\/strong> = max. p\u0159esah konce, b<\/strong> = p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka\/d\u00e9lka o\u010dka, c<\/strong> = \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka o\u010dka (max\/min).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
d (jmen.)<\/th>\nd1 (dr\u00e1t max\/min)<\/th>\na max<\/th>\nb \u2248<\/th>\nc (max\/min)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n0,9 \/ 0,8<\/td>\n1,6<\/td>\n3,0<\/td>\n1,8 \/ 1,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1,6<\/td>\n1,4 \/ 1,3<\/td>\n2,5<\/td>\n3,2<\/td>\n2,8 \/ 2,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n1,8 \/ 1,7<\/td>\n2,5<\/td>\n4,0<\/td>\n3,6 \/ 3,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2,5<\/td>\n2,3 \/ 2,1<\/td>\n2,5<\/td>\n5,0<\/td>\n4,6 \/ 4,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,2<\/td>\n2,9 \/ 2,7<\/td>\n3,2<\/td>\n6,4<\/td>\n5,8 \/ 5,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n3,7 \/ 3,5<\/td>\n4,0<\/td>\n8,0<\/td>\n7,4 \/ 6,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n4,6 \/ 4,4<\/td>\n4,0<\/td>\n10,0<\/td>\n9,2 \/ 8,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6,3<\/td>\n5,9 \/ 5,7<\/td>\n4,0<\/td>\n12,6<\/td>\n11,8 \/ 10,3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n7,5 \/ 7,3<\/td>\n4,0<\/td>\n16,0<\/td>\n15,0 \/ 13,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n9,5 \/ 9,3<\/td>\n6,3<\/td>\n20,0<\/td>\n19,0 \/ 16,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n12,4 \/ 12,1<\/td>\n6,3<\/td>\n26,0<\/td>\n24,8 \/ 21,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Norma pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu jmenovit\u00fdch velikost\u00ed (od 0,6 a\u017e po 20 mm); b\u011b\u017en\u011b skladovan\u00e9 a popt\u00e1van\u00e9 jsou ale velikosti 1 a\u017e 13 mm. D\u00e9lka z\u00e1vla\u010dky (rozm\u011br l) se vol\u00ed podle tlou\u0161\u0165ky spojovan\u00e9ho uzlu plus rezerva na ohnut\u00ed ramen – nab\u00edz\u00ed se v kroc\u00edch zhruba od 4 do 200 mm.<\/p>\n

Materi\u00e1ly a povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy<\/h2>\n

DIN 94 z\u00e1vla\u010dky se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed v n\u011bkolika materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch proveden\u00edch, jejich\u017e volba se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00edm a po\u017eadavkem na korozn\u00ed odolnost:<\/p>\n